Transfer from soil to grass and statistical analysis of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil from phosphate mining and processing sites in Maritime Region of Togo

Natural radionuclides activity concentrations of 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K in soil grass samples, statistical analysis these radionuclides, transfer factors (TFs) from to the were carried out phosphate mining processing sites southern areas Togo using gamma-ray spectrometry-based high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The average found within range usually measured worldwide. Statistical was done by investigating skewness, kurtosis, density distribution study areas. Both skewness kurtosis displayed that samples discharge waste site (Kpémé) (Hahotoé) exhibited slightly positively skewed, negatively leptokurtic, platykurtic distributions. TFs for evaluated. area be 0.16, 0.32, 8.42, respectively. 226Ra 228Ra values limit worldwide measure values, while larger than other countries. TF value 8.42 eight times higher unity, showing its large intake vegetables. high could explained extensive application fertilizers soils when growing